Evaluation of Some Novel Insecticides And Bio-pesticides Against Pod Borers, Etiella Zinckenel/a (Treitschke) and Helicoverpa Armigera (Hubner) in Vegetable Pea (Pisum Sativum L.)

Abstract

For present investigation entitled "Evaluation of some novel insecticides and bio-pesticides against pod borers, Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) & Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in vegetable pea (Pisum sativum L.)" the field experiments were conducted in randomized block design with three replications of eleven treatments for two consecutive years i.e. "rabi 2008-09 and 2009-10 at entomological research block of crop research centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut (U.P.) 250110. In extensive study, fifteen species of insects belonging to 5 orders were observed to be associated with the maize at experimentation location during the period of study. Among them the pod borers, Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) were recorded as major pest. The bean aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch), aphid, Macrosiphum pisum (Harris), tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera Jitura (Hb.), semilooper, Plusia orichalcea (Fab.), army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker), blue butterfly, Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus) and leaf miner, Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) were also found moderately damaging the crop. The other insect-pests recorded on the crop were of less importance and extent of their damage was found without much economic loss. Among all the treatments, lndoxacarb 14.5 SC@ 500 ml/ha was found best In reducing the number of E. zinckenella and H. armigera larvae with 1.33 and 0.83 per ten plants at nine days after second spray, respectively and followed by carbosulfan 25 AbslracL .. viii EC@ 1.0 lit/ha. The highest number of E. zinckenel/a and H. armigera i.e. 17.17 and 16.67 per ten plants, was recorded in untreated control, respectively. The minimum pod infestation of 11.37 and 10.73 per cent by E. zinckenella and H. armigera, respectively, was recorded in plot treated with flubendiamide 39.35 EC @ 75 mllha at nine days after second spray, followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC@ 500 mllha and spinosad 45 SC @ 500 ml/ha. In the same way the minimum seed damage of 12.98 and 12.59 per cent by E. zinckenella and H. armigera, at nine days after second spray was recorded with flubendiamide 39.35 EC, respectively followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC@ 500 ml/ha and spinosad 45 SC@ 500 ml/ha. The minimum population of coccinellids of 0.00 and 0.33 per ten plants, at 3 and 9 days, respectively was recorded in the treatment of endosulfan 35 EC @ 1.25 rma, after second spraying. The minimum population of chrysoplds of 0.33 and 0.50 per ten plants, at 3 and 9 days, respectively was recorded in the treatment of carbosulfan 25 EC @ 1.00 1/ha, after second spraying. The minimum population of spiders of 0.00 and 0.17 per ten plants, at 3 and 9 days, respectively was recorded In tne treatment of endosulfan 35 EC @ 1.25 1/ha, after second spraying. The maximum population of 4.17, 4.33 and 3.83 per ten plants of coccinellids, chrysopids and spiders, respectively ,was recorded In untreated control and followea by nubendlamrae ana sprnosad, at nine days after second spray, which were highly safe to predators' population and were at par with untreated control. The maximum pod yield of 95.84 q/ha was obtained from the flubendiamide 39.35 EC @ 75 mllha and was followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 500 ml/ha with the pod yield of 93.56 qlha and spinosad 45 SC @ 500 mllha with 91.63 q/ha. The minimum pod yield of 64.49 qlha was reported in untreated control. The maximum increase in grain yield of 31.35 q/ha over control and highest cost benefit ratio of 13.73 was recorded with the treatment of flubendiamide 39.35 EC @ 75 mllha and was followed by lndoxacarb 14.5 SC@ 500 mllha, spinosad 45 SC@ 500 mllha, novaluron 10 EC@ 750 mllha, and carbosulfan 25 EC @ 1.0 1/ha, respectively. The maximum net profit of ~36528/ha was obtained from the plots treated with flubendiamide 39.35 EC @ 75 mllha followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 500 mllha, novaluron 10 EC @ 750 mllha, carbosulfan 25 EC @ 1.0 1/ha and spinosad 45 SC @ 500 mllha with the net profit p(33659.00, 27699.00, 22248.00 and 21290.00 ~lha, respectively, while, the minimum net profit (~1870.00/ha) was calculated from the treatment of Bacillus thuringiensis @ 1.5 kg/ha.