Effect of Different Growth Regulator on in-vitro Multiplication of Banana (Musa Acuminata)

Abstract

Banana is a perennial herbaceous monocot which belongs to Musa genus of the Musaceae family and is an important fruit crop in India. Basically, Banana has gained the status of commercial and cash crop. Conventionally banana producers, with the exception of a few large national and international companies, are solely responsible for most of the global production of banana. The present study for standardized micropropagation protocol supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of cytokinins and auxins for Grand Naine cultivar of banana. Data collected for in vitro culture consists of the selected parameters i.e. days for bud initiation, rate of shoot proliferation (%), and number of multiple shoot buds during multiplication stage. Remarkable effects of Cytokinins and Auxins were observed. Out of various treatments, best concentration for multiple shoots in short period of time for Grand Naine was found in mediums 6mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA. While the highest number of roots developed in basal ½-MS+ 4.0 mg/L BAP + 1.0 mg/l NAA. Survival rate of in-vitro regenerated plants of Grand Naine variety of banana was 75 per cent. Genetic variation is rudimentary for any crop improvement programme to become successful. Assessment of genetic diversity within a germplasm pool is very crucial nowadays and molecular markers are very important and versatile tools for the evaluation, characterization and conservation of genetic diversity in different plant species. Random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers are quick, simple, easy to assay, and more importantly do not require prior sequence information of the target for design of the primers. They are randomly distributed throughout the genome, thus have a high genomic abundance with dominant nature. The implication of RAPD markers is useful to investigate genetic variation among banana cultivars by using random primers. This study suggested that abundant genetic variation through RAPD marker was present in banana genotype selected for study. Among the primers used in the investigation OPA-19 was highly informative as it recorded high PIC value (0.91). Average PIC value 0.616 was recorded as by these RAPD markers with the range of 0.05 to 0.91. In future large number of cultivars should be analyzed with more numbers of primers. Knowledge of genetic diversity among banana cultivars can be applied in future for the improvement of banana and in the detection of gene flow between species.