Studies on Induction of Flower Through Growth Regulators and Genetic Diversity Analysis by Molecular Markers in Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.)

Abstract

The present study was conducted at Horticultural Research Center of SVP University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut during Rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22. 20 genotypes of brinjal were evaluated for genetic diversity analysis and yield related traits in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Thirteen quantitative traits were considered to obtain information on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, degree of association among different yield contributing traits and the degree of genetic divergence and molecular analysis. Analysis of variance revealed substantial amount of variability among the genotypes for all the characters, under study, indicated wide spectrum of variability among the genotypes. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for fruit index (31.57, 32.13), moderate PCV and GCV was recorded for fruit diameter (30.34, 29.79), fruit index (29.60, 28.53), number of fruit per plant (27.55, 26.81), average fruit weight (26.13, 26.08). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for average fruit weight (99.58, 53.60), Plant spread (96.59, 28.12), fruit length (96.55, 63.91), fruits diameter (96.44, 29.79). Fruit yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with average fruit weight (0.685, 0.698) both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path coefficient analysis showed that numbers of fruit per plant (1.4975) have direct positive effect on genotypic level and fruits per plant (1.1092) have direct positive effect at phenotypic level. Mahalanobis (D2) static revealed considerable genetic diversity among the genotypes. Genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters. Cluster II had maximum 6 genotypes. In the present study, the maximum intra cluster distance was observed for cluster III, the maximum inter cluster distance was revealed between Cluster I & III. At molecular level 13 SSR primers produced 215 alleles. PIC values ranges from 0.09 to 0.364 with the average value 0.20 for SSR markers. Average resolving power is 0.35 for SSR primers. Unweighted pairgroup method arithmetic average cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis on the marker-based GS grouped the cultivated varieties separately from whole accessions into different clusters. On the basis of theses range of PIC value, the genotypes SVT-12 and B-3-L may be considered as parents for further breeding program for different traits.