Morpho-Molecular Characterization of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.)

Abstract

Chickpea is a diploid, self-pollinated, third most important pulse crop of the world. Cicer belongs to family Leguminosac and class Ciccrcac. The study consists of Molecular and morphological characterization of chickpea. In the experiment total 20 genotypeS were taken and amplified by using 15 STMS markers (Sequence Tagged Microsatellitc Site). These are highly polymorphic markers. No. of alleles. allelic distribution aod allele frequency ·was estimated. In the total 36 alleles were found in 15 STMS loci with an average of2.4 per locus. By allelic frequency the PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) value was estimated for different STMS loci which was ranging from 0 to 0.965.Tbe primer GA-16 bas maximum PIC value (0.965) due to well distributed alleles. Except two primers CrtSSR-31 and CrtSSR-75all the primers showed higher level of polymorphism eg.GA-1 OS. Genetic similarity was analyzed by using UPGMA clustering algorithm program by software NTSYS-pc version 2.11. The dendrogram derived from this analysis have three clusters. cluster L IT, m comprised of 2. 4. 14 genotypes. UPGMA cluster algorithm shows the similarities aod dissimilarities amoQg the genotypes. The maximum similarity was found in genotypes ICRJSAT -4183 and ICRISAT- 7722 (0.972). Morphological analysis consists oftbe study of characters like. plant height, no. of primary branches, no. of secondary branches. no. of internodes. length of internodes and seed yield/plant. According to the morphological data the genotype BGD-70 has highest seed yield/ plant (6.4g) than other genotypes.