Studies on Genetic Diversity Among Different Turmeric (Curcuma Longa.)genotypes Using Rapd and Ssr Markers

Abstract

The molecular marker is a useful tool for assessing genetic variations and resolving cultivar identities. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the genetic diversity among 18 genotypes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR). In RAPD analysis, 77 alleles were observed, out of 77 alleles 9 were monomorphic and 68 were polymorphic, thus revealing 88.31% polymorphism. The number of alleles produced by each primer varied from 3 to 9 with an average of 6.41 alleles per primer. Genetic diversity of 18 genotypes as estimated by ·polymorphic i.nformation content (PIC) value ranged from 0.26 to 0.89 in RAPD analysis. The cluster dendrogram of RAPD revealed 2 major clusters. Cluster II was the largest and included 17 genotypes while clusters I comprising only one genotype. According to dendrogram Sugna was distantly related to 8302 with similarity coefficient 0.63. Twenty SSR primers generated a total of 37 alleles with an average 2.17 alleles per primer. Genetic diversity of 18 genotypes estimated by polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged fi·om 0.54 to 0.97 in SSR analysis. The cluster dendrogram of SSR revealed 2 major clusters. Cluster II was the largest which included 17 genotypes while clusters I comprising only one genotype. According to dendrogram genotype Sugana was distantly located with Chakrata with similarity coefficient 0.51 . The cluster dendrogram of combined analysis revealed 2 major clusters. Cluster II was the largest and included 16 genotypes while clusters I comprising 2 genotypes. Sugana was distantly located with CL-325 with similarity coefficient 0.59. From this study it is concluded that SSR more useful as compare to RAPD because SSR showed high PIC value. The information generated from these studies can be used in the future breeding programs to improve useful traits in turmeric.