Micropropagation, Phytoremediation and molecular characterization of Jatropha curcas through RAPD markers

Abstract

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L. ) is an oil bearing crop growing in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. The present investigation was undertaken to multiplication of Jatropha curcas through micropropagation and assess the extent of genetic diversity in a representative set of twelve selected varieties of Jatropha curcas using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and investigate the metal ion effect mercury on Jatropha curcus in hydroponic system. For micropropagatioA Trials with PGRs (auxins and cytokinins) alone or in different combinations and different explants have vividly evinced that none of the explants tried was amenable to micropropagation on any of PGR combination tried. However, these media supported callusing from different explants. Among different explants tried, leaf lamina is the best responding explants and MS medium supplemented with 5x1 0'6 M each BAP and KIN and 2.5x 1 o·6 M ofNAA is the best callusing and growth supporting medium. Eight RAPD primers were used to assess molecular polymorphism in twelve Jatropha curcas genotypes. A total of 42 amplified products were obtained out of which 35 were polymorphic and 7 were monomorphic. Average polymorphism across twelve genotypes was found to be 84.64%. Primer OPH-9 produced the minimum level of polymorphism i.e. 50.50%. Out of 6 primers 3 primers produced 100% polymorphism. Hence the per cent polymorphism ranged from 50.50-100% for the 12 genotypes of Jatropha. For RAPD markers the PIC values ranged from 0.24 to 0.73. Out The mean PIC per primer (Diversity index) for polymorphic bands was 0.45. The highest PIC value (0.73) was observed with primer OPC-19 and the lowest PIC value (0.24) was observed with primer OPH-09. The maximum similarity was obtained between RJ-124 and HAU-J51, They were in the same group with the similarity coefficient 0.90 followed by TFRI-1 and JCP-3, JCP-4, PAU LUDH, TRIAL-4 and HUAJ-37. Genotype PJA-1 and HAUJ-51 were farthest or most diverse and this simi tar to all other with a similarity coefficient of 0.40. The results indicated that RAPD markers are efficient for identification of Jatropha curcas genotypes and for determination of the genetic rel~tionships among them. In Phytoremediation we also investigate that the highest no. of total shoot length, total root length, leaf surface area were obtained when thejatropa caracus was Planted in the sugar industry waste treatment. While, in another treatment, where different concentration ofHgCb(5ppm and 10 ppm) is used then the no. oftotal shoot length, total root length, leaf surface area were lowest as comparison to the sugar industry waste. So we conclude that in phytoremediation Jatropha carcus give best response in sugar industry waste as comparison to metal ion effect.