Ultrasonographic and Hematobiochemical Studies on Diseases of Urinary System in Dogs

Abstract

Urinary system has an important role in the elimination of waste product and maintenance of electrolyte and hormonal balance. Diseases of urinary system are common in small animals and are usually associated with poor prognosis in late stages due to unavailability of diagnostic facilities. In present study thirty dogs of either sex with signs like hematuria, dribbling of urine, dysuria and anuria were included. Anamnesis and physical, hematobiochemical and ultrasonographic examinations were performed as per standard protocol. Urinary system diseases viz. cystitis, polypoid cystitis, cystic calculi, urinary bladder neoplasm, hydronephrosis, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal cyst were recorded in the dogs. Incidence of cystitis and renal cyst was highest (30%) and lowest (03%), respectively. Dog breeds viz. Pug, German shepherd, Labrador, Pomeranian, Spitz, Non-descript, Bull Mastiff and Shih Tzu were affected with urinary system diseases. Dog breed pug was found to be more prone (30%) and Bull mastiff (3%) and Shih Tzu (3%) least prone for urinary system diseases. Dogs of the age group 09 months to 09 years were most affected. Males (83%) and females (17%) were affected with uropathies. On the basis of this study following conclusion was drawn. The ultrasonographic examination proved to be better in diagnosis of urinary system diseases than hematobiochemical examination because of its excellent real time visualization characteristics and noninvasive nature. Hematobiochemical and ultrasonographic examinations in combination were more efficient in diagnosis of urinary system diseases than any diagnostic modality alone.