Antidiabetic Effect of Milky Mushroom (Calocybe Indica) in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) is grown commercially in many parts of the country particularly in southern parts of India, most popular in Tamil Nadu. It is the fourth most largely growing mushroom in India and tropical. It has been proven beneficial for patients suffering from hypertension, diabetes, and heart problem. The present study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) and its beneficial effect on hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in streptozotocin (@45mg/kg b.wt.) induced diabetic rats. The study design involved 54 female wistar rats which were divided into 6 groups of 9 rats each. Groups 1 and 2 represent normal and diabetic control. Group 3 is normal and received glibenclamide @ 5mg/kg body weight dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and group 4 is diabetic and received glibenclamide @ 5mg/kg body weight dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Group 5 is normal and received milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) @ 400mg/kg b.wt. and group 6 is diabetic and received milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) @ 400mg/kg b.wt. Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) was orally administered with the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight for 21 days. Biochemical (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL- cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, glucose, amylase, and lipase),hematological parameters (red and white blood cells, platelets, and hemoglobin) and oxidative stress parameters (LPO, GSH, along with total protein) with their functional indices were evaluated in diabetic treated groups with milky mushroom and glibenclamide. Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) treated diabetic rats significantly (p<0.05) lowered the level of blood glucose, in addition, altered the levels of biochemical parameters including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL- cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, SGOT, SGPT, amylase, and lipase. Similarly, the levels of red blood cells were significantly improved following the administration of the milky mushroom extract, and hemoglobin significantly declined, in oxidative stress parameters MDA of organs significantly decline in diabetic group compared to non-diabetic group following the administration of milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) extract @ 400 mg/kg body weight. Including all these parameters pathological morphology of the kidney, pancreas, and liver are restored. Thus, our results indicate that the milky mushroom (Calocybe indica) possesses antidiabetic properties and non-toxic nature against chemically induced diabetic rats. Further experimental investigations are warranted to make use of its relevant therapeutic effect to substantiate its ethnomedicinal usage.