Response of Basmati Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) to Efficient Phosphorus Management

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the response of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) to efficient phosphorus management during kharif season of 2022 at Crop Research Centre (Chirori) of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.). The soil of the experimental field was well drained, sandy loam in texture and slightly alkaline in reaction. It was low in organic carbon, available nitrogen and zinc, but medium in available phosphorus and potassium with an electrical conductivity (1:2.5 soil:water) of 0.491 dS/m. Ten treatments viz., (T1) Absolute Control, (T2) N100P60K40(RDF), (T3) N100P0K40, (T4) N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP, (T5) N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% Nano DAP, (T6) N100P30K40 + Foliar application of 2% DAP at MT & PI stage, (T7) N100P30K40 + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage, (T8) N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP + Foliar application of 2% DAP at MT & PI stage, (T9) N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% Nano DAP + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage and (T10) N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage were tested in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The rice variety Pusa basmati 1121 was transplanted on 19-07-2022 and harvested on 15-11-2022. The crop received a total rainfall of 799.8 mm during entire crop growth period. Results obtained from the study revealed that plant height, numbers of tillers (m-2), leaf area index, dry matter accumulation (g m-2), crop growth rate (g/m2/day), relative growth rate (g/g/day), yields (grain, straw and biological) q ha-1, harvest index and uptake of nutrients in rice were significantly superior with the application of N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage (T10) as compared to rest of the treatments. However, the grain yield under T10 was 44.1% higher than T3 (N100P0K40). The rice also uptake significantly maximum total N, P and K (100.5, 29.9 and 118.7 kg ha-1), respectively as compared to T3 (N100P0K40) and T2 N100P60K40 (RDF). Besides, PFP (150.33 kg grains/kg P), AE (65.33 kg grains increase/kg P) and ARE (55.66%) are maximum under N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage (T10) and significantly superior to rest of the treatments. The application of N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage (T10) incurred highest of Rs 116584 and 60588 ha-1 gross and net returns, respectively. Besides, the highest B:C ratio (2.08) was also recorded with the application of N100P30K40 + Root dipping with 2% DAP + Foliar application of 2% Nano DAP at MT & PI stage (T10).