Effect of Doses and Sources of Nutrients on Growth, Yield And Nutrient Uptake in Paddy (Oryza Sativa L.)

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut during kharif 2021 and 2022 on clay loam soil to observe the effect of doses and sources of nutrients on growth, yield and nutrient content and uptake and economic returns. Soil was low in organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorous medium in available potassium, zinc and slightly alkaline in reaction The treatments comprising of different combinations (12) of NPK, Nano Zn, Bio-stimulant and NPK Consortia {Control, NPK- (150:60:40 kg ha-1), 100% NPK + Nano Zn Spray (25 DAT), 100% NPK + Bio-stimulant Spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia, 75% NPK + NPK spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + Nano N spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + NPK spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + NPK spray (25 DAT) + Bio-stimulant Spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + NPK spray (25 DAT) + Bio-stimulant Spray (25 DAT) + Nano Zn spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + Nano Zn spray (25 DAT) and 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + Nano N spray (25 DAT) + Nano Zn spray (25 DAT)} were tested in RBD with 3 replications. Rice variety Pusa Basmati-1 was transplanted on 19th and 21 July, 2021 and 2022 with recommended package of practices except the treatments and harvested on 17 and 18th October, 2021 and 2022. Growth, yield attributes and yield were significantly affected by different doses and sources of nutrient treatments. Nano Zn, NPK Consortia and Bio-stimulant application favored growth, yield attributes and yield when compared to 100 % NPK. Mean grain yield increase with 100% NPK + Nano Zn Spray (25 DAT), 100% NPK + Bio-stimulant Spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia, 75% NPK + NPK spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + Nano N spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + NPK spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + NPK spray (25 DAT) + Bio-stimulant Spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + NPK spray (25 DAT) + Bio-stimulant Spray (25 DAT) + Nano Zn spray (25 DAT), 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + Nano Zn spray (25 DAT) and 75% NPK + NPK Consortia + Nano N spray (25 DAT) + Nano Zn spray (25 DAT) over control treatment was 114.2, 95.0, 47.3, 51.9, 66.6, 57.1, 75.2, 96.3, 71.6 and 82.5 %, respectively. Crop fertilized with 100% NPK + Nano Zn Spray (25 DAT) registered best growth and yield attributes leading to higher grain yield (46.1 & 48.4 q ha-1) during both the years. Favorable effect of Nano Zn by Singh et al. (2016), Bio-stimulant Spray by Kaur et al. (2018) and NPK Consortia by Sharma et al. (2022) on growth and yield of rice have also been reported. Application of Nano Zn, NPK Consortia and Bio-stimulant along 100 % NPK led to an increase in nutrient content in plant tissues and therefore higher uptake of N, P, K and Zn. Contents of N, P, K and Zn in grains ranged from 1.02 to 1.34, 1.04 to 1.37, 0.24 to 0.36, 0.26 to 0.39, 0.28 to 0.36, 0.31 to 0.39%, 54.4 to 70.1, 56.8 to 72.0 ppm respectively during both the years, lowest being with no fertilizer and highest values with 100% NPK + Nano Zn Spray (25 DAT). Uptake of N by grain granges from 21.7 to 61.8, 23.7 to 66.3 (P), 5.1 to 16.6, 5.9 to 18.9 (K), 6.0 to 16.6, 7.1 to 18.9 and (Zn) 115.9 to 323.2, 129.5 to 348.5 g ha-1 during 2021 and 2022. Crop grown with 100% NPK + Nano Zn Spray (25 DAT) fetched higher gross returns (Rs. 1,29,335 & 1,38,215 ha-1), net returns (Rs 94,892 & 1,03,355 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.76 & 2.96) during 2021 and 2022. These findings are in conformity with Shikar et al. (2021).