Assessment of genetic variation in Mango (Mangifera indica L.) based on molecular markers

Abstract

The molecular markers are useful tool for assessing genetic variation and parental analysis of mango genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 24 genotypes of mango (Mangifera indica L.) using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of eight primers generated a total 20 alleles with an average of 2.5 alleles per primer. Heterozygosity was varied from 0.278-0.49 and PIC value, derived from allelic diversity and frequency among genotypes was found in range of 0.363 to 0.449. Maximum effective multiplex ratio (4.083) observed for the primer OPAB 11 and minimum effective multiplex ratio (0.163) showed by OPA 16 primer. Maximum Arithmetic mean of H (0.014) observed with OPA 2 primer while minimum Arithmetic mean of H (0.003) exhibited by OPAB 11 primer. Maximum marker index (0.012) exhibited by the primer OPA 18, OPA 11 and OPAB 10 while minimum marker index (0.002) exhibited with OPA 16 primer. Maximum discriminating power of marker (0.978) showed by OPA 16 while minimum discriminating power (0.397) observed with OPA 3 primer. Maximum resolving power of markers (2.75) noted with OPC 6 and minimum marker resolving power (0.333) gave by OPA 16 primer. The cluster dendrogram of RAPD markers revealed 2 major clusters and cluster I was the small and included 3 genotypes while clusters II comprising 20 genotypes. Jaccard’s coefficient of similarity revealed the high degree of similarity to the extent of 96% between genotype Neelum, Dasheri, Surkha, Gulab-Jamun lad 96% of the similarity while found in Mallika and Ramkela. Pusa Arunima and Arunika showed 91.8% similarity. The lowest similarity 50% was found in group I genotypes and group II genotype. Molecular data produced by RAPD markers clearly indicates that genotypes like Malda Meetha, Rataul and Berma Surakh was found more divergent and can be used for further improvement programme.