Comparative Study of Locally Available Trichoderma Spp. With Commercial Trichoderma Formulations Against Collar Rot (Sclerotium Rolfsii Sacc.) of Chickpea

Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum Linn.) is known in this country since ancient times. Chickpea belongs to family Leguminosae & genus Cicer. It is one of the oldest pulses known and cultivated in Asia and Mediterranean. The center of origin of chickpea is stated to be eastern Mediterranean. Chickpea is a major pulse crop and accounts for nearly 75 per cent of the total pulse production in the world. In India chickpea is grown on an area of 105.73 lakh hectares with a production of 111.18 lakh tons and productivity is 1056 kg/ha. Chickpea is grown in Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) on an area of 6.11 Lakh hectares with a production of 6.84 Lakh tone with productivity 901 kg / ha. Chickpea crop is prone to many diseases viz. Fusarium wilt, Dry root rot, Collar rot, Ascochyta blight, Verticillium wilt, Black root rot, Phytophthora root rot, Wet root rot, Foot rot, Pythium rot and Seed rot. Among these, Collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is gaining importance. This disease is a serious threat, which under favorable conditions causes 55-95% mortality of the crop at seedling stage. The infected chickpea plants gradually lose their color and turn pale, followed by drying. In-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of Trichoderma spp. for comparative study of local isolates and market formulations were carried out during 2018-19 for management of collar rot of chickpea, In vitro experiment, maximum inhibition (71.85%) mycelial growth of S. rolfsii was recorded in T. harzianum commercial formulation from market (Bioharz) The minimum 57.07% inhibition of mycelial growth was recorded in T. harzianum isolate (CRC Meerut). All the tested bio-agents showed significant inhibition of S. rolfsii over control. Disease management experimental trail was conducted at (CRC-Meerut) with eleven treatment in three replication. Minimum disease incidence (3.57%) was recorded in Soil application of T. harzianum isolate (CRC Meerut) @ 5kg/ha with 100kg vermicompost. The maximum disease incidence was recorded 11.85% in Soil application of T. harzianum commercial formulation from market (Bioharz) @ 5kg/ha.with 100kg vermicompost compare to 41.10% was recorded in untreated control at 60 day after sowing. Seed treatment and soil application of T. harzianum isolates were significantly reduced the disease incidence as compared to control. Maximum germination 88.00% was recorded in soil application of T. harzianum isolate (CRC Meerut) @ 5kg/ha with 100kg vermicompost. Maximum yield 21.66q/ha was recorded in soil application of T. harzianum isolate (CRC Meerut) @ 5kg/ha with 100kg vermicompost followed by 19.72q/ha. Average 18.89q/ha yield was recorded in soil application of T. harzianum isolate (HRC Meerut) @ 5kg/ha with 100kg vermicompost and 17.78q/ha. The minimum yield 15.83q/ha was recorded in soil application of T. harzianum commercial formulation from market (Bioharz) @ 5kg/ha with 100kg vermicompost) compared to 11.11q/ha untreated control.