Evaluation of Wheat Varieties Suited to Different Tillage System and Improving Water Productivity With or Without Residue

Abstract

1 he 101 est igul ion cnl itlcJ "f. ••rlfrwtum 11./ 11h~at •·art~ltn 5111/t'd to dtjf~rent till<tJ;i! \)'1/t'fl/ and impro1ing .. <1/a producti1·ity uith or uithou/ residue" was carried out at the: Crop Racar•h Centre of Sardar \'allabhbhai l'alcl Uni1ersi1y of Agriculture & Tc:chnolog). Meerut, U.l'. during Raht season of20 11-12 and 2012-1 J. I he: o:~perlrncnl tonsisting of ~~en Tillage crop establi;hmcnt in main plotnnd ten 11hc:a1 "ariclic:' tn: .. lmenh nz. V1 - UP 2338. V2 - \\<I I 542, VJ" I'BW 15-1. v~ · DBW 17. V.s • Wll 711. V6. HD 2687. V, · PBW 343. V1 - UP 23112. V9. HD 1731. V 10 • PB \\' 502 1n sub plot "as bid out in a split plot de,ign "'ith three replications. The: pl:tnt height, dry m:mer acc:umubtion, number or tillers, root 1\C:ight and root lrngth incre:~sed "ilh residue retention plots of narro11 raised bed~ and 11 ide raised beds. Among the: >io :kl attributes number of grnins per spike. spike length (em), numbers ofs pikclc:ts per spike and h:sl \\eight increased ~i~:nilitanll} in 11idc rai~cd heds with residue retention plots, rcsp.:cthd>. 'I he intprovern~nt in grain yield 11.79. 10.90 and 11.32, 10.42 due to rcstdue ro:lc:ntion on wide rni~ed beds and nnrrow raised beds, respectively over convenliolllll practitcs. The residue retention plots with 11 ide raised beds increased the water use eflicicncy of 15.12and IS 78 kg grain ha'1 mm. The: pc:r cent increased an \\ater use efficiency under 11idc raised beds o~er comention:~Jullagc: \~as 38.67 and 39.23 'Yo during 2011·12 and 2012- 13. rcspc:c:tilel). The nuximum bulk density recorded from lop 0-15 em depth and the contrtbution of 15-20 and 20·25 em soil layers was 14.20 and 14.90 per cent. Zero tilbge I\ ithout rcsiJuc recorded higher bulk density and more tontribution liom lop layer. Soil penclr .• th•n ,,.,,stt\llCe recorded significant!) lo11c:r under raised beds with residue n:tclllion plots us compared 10 Lcro till<~gc without residue and conventional tillage trcu1mcn1s during 2011·12 and 2012·13. rcspeCIIIcly. !'he pbn1 height \\11S higher in variety PBW 502 11hile dl) matter accumulation. number of tillers. root ~~odght, root length nnd among the yield anribules number of groins per spike. spike lr.:nglh (em), numbers of spike lets per spi~c and test \\right, grntn and stra\1 were significanlly higher in DB\\' 17 1-aric:ty o'er mt of \arictics