Management of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Basmati Rice Variety PB-1121 Caused by Xanthomonas Oryzae Pv. Oryzae With Some Available Antibiotics and Plant Products

Abstract

Rice (Oriza sativa L.) belongs to family Poaceae (Gramineae) and sub family Oryzoidea. Rice provides 21% of energy and 15% of protein requirements of human populations globally. In developing countries, it accounts 715 Kcal/capita/day. Rice is the major crop of Uttar Pradesh and grown in almost all the districts and contributes 13.5 % of total rice production in India. Among the rice varieties, Basmati verities of rice are attacked by no. of pathogens (fungi, bacteria, virus and nematodes etc.). Bacterial leaf blight is serious problems in basmati rice production. The disease is caused by the pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Bacterial Leaf Blight of rice posses two phase of disease symptoms i.e. (Kresek phase) wilting and (leaf blight) pale yellowing of leaves. Bacterial leaf blight occurs at all the growth stages of rice and is manifested by either leaf blight or "Kresek" symptoms. In present investigation antibiotics and secondary metabolites of higher plants were evaluate for their effectiveness in management of bacterial leaf blight. Among the used treatments, maximum plant height (67.23cm and 88.23cm) was found with Tl (oxytetracycline + copper ox chloride) after 20 and 40 days spray in compression to control (57.34 and 78.12cm) respectively. Maximum panicle length, panicle weight and percent increase yield was also recorded with Tl (oxytetracycline + copper oxychloride) as 27.63cm, 2.84g and 16.67% respectively. Disease intensity in different treatment was observed in range from 55.10% to 68.25%. Minimum disease intensity (55.1 0%) was observed with Tl whereas 67.50% disease intensity with T5 (spray of lemon grass oil). Maximum disease intensity (68.25%) was observed in control. These antibiotics and plant oil also tested in vitro to test their effecacy on growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae at 1%, 2% and 4% concentration. It was observed that bacterial leaf blight pathogen i.e. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. When treated with . Tl (oxytetracycline + copper oxychloride) showed maximum inhibition zone 2.83cm, 3.33cm and 3.53cm atl%, 2% and 4% concentration respectively. ~