Studies on Bio-Intensive management of Shoot and Fruit Borer, Earias vittella (Fab.) in Okra, Abeloschus esculentus (L.) Moench

Abstract

Okra ~elmoschus e.sculenty:a l. Moench) is an annual malvaceous vegetable crop, specially grown in tropical and subtropical climates. Its green fruits are very nutritious and used as green vegetable 1n human diet. Its addition enhances the taste and quality of food. Among, insect pest is one of the major yield reducing prime factor inflicting qualitative and quantitative production losses. Its natural infestation on okra lead to damage account for nearly 45% 1n Kamataka (Srinivasan and Knshnakumar. 1983), 22 5% in Uttar Pradesh (Verma et al., 1985), 25.9% to 40.9% '" Madhya Pradesh (Dhamdhere et al., 1985) and 54 0% in Rajasthan (Chaudhary and Dadheech, 1989). Keeping facts in view the mvestigatlon was conducted for two years (2005 and 2006) in field at Crop Research Centre and in Bio control laboratory, S.V.B.P. Uni. of Agric. & Tech. Meerut dunng kharif season. Work out the economic threshold level (ETL) and eco-friendly management of Eatias vitella Fab. 1n okra (var. "Arka Anam1ka) for Wester UP. These experiments were separately conducted 1n R B 0 wrth plot s1ze of 5 X 4m. Similarly, lab expenment was laid out in C R D wrth eleven treatments replicated thrice. The ETL haVIng seven and management haVIng ten treatments The arthropods fauna and p1ck1ng opbm1Z3tion data were also recorded A total of 33 arthropod speoes were recorded during the ent•re crop season Among these, SIX speoes were maJor and fifteen of m•nor importance Three speoes of ladybird beetle, three speoes of predatory Spiders and one speaes of each of prey1ng mant1s, dragonfly Apanteles and green lace wing bug were recorded as natural enem1es of different okra pests Honey bees (Apis sp ) were recorded collectmg pollen and nectars from the okra flowers and black ant (Camponotus sp ) feed1ng on honey dew seaeted by aph1d caw bugs and hoppers Correlation study md1cated that ab1otic parameters have mfluenang role on the fluctuabon of population of pest va., Jassld, whrtefly, mrte, hehcoverpa, leaf roller and shoot and fru1t borer on okra dunng study peliod Moreover. population of these pests 1ncreases at a lower level of abltic parameters: rt also favours the mulbphcation of these pests under present Investigation. lm1dadopnd 17.8 SL@ 0.01% was found more tox1c aga1nst 3111 instar larvae of E vrttella and started larval mortality earlier. However, b1o-pestiadal treatments were also found toxic but, initiat•on of larval mortality was delayed. F1ve per cent shoot/fruit damage was detem1ined as an economic threshold level (ETL) of E vrttella on okra Four days ptclong Interval was found more suitable produces more Yfeld and m1n1mum frurt damage lm1daclopnd 17 8 SL @ 0 015% was found most effect1ve tn reducing E v1ttella shootlfru1t damage followed by cypermethnn 10 EC @ o 016% and Blk@ 1 kgJha MSXImum cost benefit rabo was given by cypermethnn 10 EC@ 0.016%. while NSKE@ 5% gave negabve momtory returns.