Effect of Growth Regulators on in - Vitro Micropropagation and Molicular Characterization Under Salinity Stress Conditions in Sugarcane Varieties (Saccharum Officinarum L.)

Abstract

Sugarcane is an important sugar crop of India and ranks among the world's top ten food crops. It accounts for around 60% of the worlds sugar. The importance of sugarcane has increased in recent years because cane is an important industrial raw material for sugar and allied industries producing alcohol. Acetic acid, butanol, industrial enzymes, paper and annual food. In vitro plant regeneration after the most important step for the improvement of this crop. Salinity is a major problem found on all continents except Antarctica. The extent of" s alt affected soils around the globe is about 955 million hectares. In some countries, more than 50% of the arable land is affected by salinity. This is happening concomitant with a burgeoning population especially in the developing countries where almost 6.8 billion of anticipated 8 billion people would be living in 2025. In the present study investigates, Effect of growth regulator on in vitro micro propagation on two sugarcane genotypes CoS671 (salt tolerant) and CoJ64 (salt susceptible), in this studied best callus induction on medium contained (MS+2, 4-D S.Omg/1) from 66.3 ± 2.3 (CoC671) and 63.4 ± 2.6 (CoJ64). Callus weight was affected by salinity concentr.ations; it was found that to t>e decreased with the ir:~creasing af the used concentrations. Callt~s weight for variety CoG 671 was (290 and 125 mg) for treatment with (EC=5, EC=10 and EC=20), respectively. For variety €aJ 64 it was (11 0 and 76 mg) after the same mentions treatments respectively. Mean performanee of 1 0 sugarcane genotypes for seven biochemical & morphological characters and Molecular analysis of 10 sugarcane genotypes using five SSR primer pairs (scm-18, ugsm575, ugsm574, ugsm665 and ugsm885). A total of 14 alleles were detected with an average number of alleles of 2.8 per locus ranged from 2 to 6 per locus. The genotypes belonging to the same cluster are genetically more similar and the genotypes belonging to the different clusters are genetically different from each other.