Genetic Analysis for Yield and Physico-chemical Traits in Spring Wheat (Tritic'um Aestivum. L.)

Abstract

The present investigation was undertaken to genetic analysis of yield and quality parameters including gluten content from 24 parents and 80 F1s Crosses in Line x Tester mating design in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum. L.) at crop research centre, S.V.P. University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut. A two-year study was carried out during rabi 2008-09 and 2009-10 with 104 treatments of spring wheat to assess the nature of variability, association for yield, path analysis of yield. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences for yield and all the quality ·characters investigated. The data were recorded taking following direct (PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance) indirect (Correlation and path) selection parameters for various quantitative characters in spring wheat. The data were recorded on seed yield per plant and eleven other traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant difference among all the characters under investigation except length of spike, tillers per plant and gluten content. However, preponderance of non-additive and overdominance type of gene action was recorded for all the traits. The highly significant vanianee was noticed for botl:l general and specific combining ability for all the clflaraGters. Neme of the parents was found t0 be a good general cembimer for all tme ernar.aeters. However, amon~ the lot, lniD-2329, WCW-95-2, DBW1i, WH542, ~aj-376§, PIBW 343, PBW 373, DBW 16 and WCW-95-2 were feu Fled to h>e ~oad ~emertal comh>imer f0r yield and some other traits. PBW 502, PBW 542, WCW-98-41, PBW 175, UP2425', pBW 590, UP 2338, PBW 373, WH542 and Halna were found to be good general combiner for gluten content. Out of twelve characters including yield and gluten content WCW-95-2 to be good combiner for yield and gluten content. The results of specific combining ability exhibited none of the crosses as the best combiner for all the traits. With regard to grain yield, crosses, UnnathalnaxWH1021, Raj3765xWH 1 021, DBW17xPBW343, C306xPBW373, PBW502xPBW343, WCW- 95-3xHalna, U P2338xWH 1 021, PBW226xPBW373, WH542xHalna and WH711xPBW343 displaying significant and desirable sea effects. On the other hand, crosses UnnathalnaxWH1021 was common for grain yield per plant and phenol colour reaction, C306xPBW373, WH542xHalna, WCW-98-41 xhalna, and PBW502xPBW343 were common for gluten content and grain yield per plant which can be improve chapatti quality with grain yield per plant in heterosis breeding. On . . the basis of computed genetic parameters, to exploit additive and non-additive type of gene action pedigree selection and hybridization has been suggested in early segregating generation. Breeding method such as biparental mating followed by reciprocal recurrent selection was suggested for exploiting additive and non-additiv.e type of gene action. Multiple gene input into a central gene pool may be useful to obtain more favourable genes, by involving promising parental lines.