Eco-friendly Utilization of Organic Manure and Fly Ash on Growth, Flowering And Quality Attributes in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.)

Abstract

The present investigation titled “Eco-friendly Utilization of Organic Manure and Fly Ash on Growth, Flowering and Quality Attributes in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)” was conducted carefully in a systematic manner under field conditions and vase life under laboratory condition during the consecutive years 2021-2022 and 2022- 2023. The experiment was conducted in open field condition at Horticulture Research Centre (HRC) at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut U.P India. For morphological characterization ‘White star’ Chrysanthemum was judged on the basis of growth characteristics and floral characteristics some of the characteristics also tested based on DUS test guidelines. Total 16 treatments which were replicated thrice with total 48 plots were accommodated under the Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with spacing 30 cm × 30 cm (Rows × Plant). For growth and floral attributing characters in Chrysanthemum treatment T10 (FYM 50% + Fly Ash 50%) followed by the treatment T13 (VC 50% + Fly Ash 50%), T15 (PM 50% + Fly Ash 50%) and T16 (NC 50% + Fly Ash 50%). For pulsing treatment T8 (Sucrose 20 % + NaOCl 50 ppm) followed by the treatment T6 (Sucrose 10 % + NaOCl 50 ppm) and T4 (Sucrose 5 % + NaOCl 50 ppm). For Vase life studies treatment T4 (AgNP 20μl) followed by the treatment T14 (8-HQC 200ppm) and T8 (SNP 15ppm) respectively. Significantly maximum net income 205075 Rs/ha with B:C ratio 2.53 was calculated in plot T10 (FYM 50%+Fly ash 50%). However, for characterization of organic manure using X-ray diffraction pattern. A new peak was observed at 2-theta (θ) ̰ intensity in sample T10 Farm yard manure (50%) + Fly ash (50%). The detected micronutrients were absent under the XRD pattern. The maximum peaks was plotted 21.096800 at 2-theta (deg) with 2385.964912 against Intensity (cps) with presence of micronutrients on different peaks were recorded. At 2-theta (θ) ̰ intensity in sample T13 Vermicompost (50%) + Fly ash (50%) composite corresponding to the intensity. However, at 2-theta (θ) ̰ intensity in sample T16 Neem cake (50%) + Fly ash (50%) with 6859.649123 against Intensity (cps) with presence of micronutrients Zinc (0.95) mgkg-1 was plotted 26.918400 at 2-theta (deg) with 5692.982456 against Intensity (cps), Iron (3.7) mgkg-1 was plotted 26.872800 at 2-theta (deg) with 6754.385965 against Intensity (cps), Manganese (2.3) mgkg-1 was plotted 26.903200 at 2-theta (deg) with 6456.140351 against Intensity (cps), Copper (0.95) mgkg-1 was plotted 26.888000 at 2-theta (deg) with 6859.649123 against Intensity (cps).