Effects of Growth Regulators in In-Vitro Multiplicaiton and Rooting of Shoot in Some Sugarcane Varieties

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Complex) is the most valuable commercial crop of India. It not only sugarcane and distillery industries but also holds a key position in the national economy by earning foreign exchange. The contemporary sugar industry plays many significant roles in relation to food , energy and economic security. In present investigation deals with the effect of growth hormones, light intensity, pH and growth room temperature on in vitro morphogenetic responses of leaf sheath explants and shoot tip explants of sugarcane varieties Cos 96258 and Cos 767. Leaf sheath are suitable explants for shoot regeneration via callus while shoot tip explants are the best explanting material for in vitro micropropagation of sugarcane varieties. High frequency callus formation was recorded in leaf sheath explants can be achieved on MS medium containing 3 mg/1 2,4-D while shoot regeneration from the callus is obtained on medium supplemented with BAP, Kinetin or NAA (0.5 mg/1 each). The micropropagated shoots of sugarcane can successfully be rooted on half strength MS liquid medium containinmg NAA (5.0 mg/1) and sucrosr (50 mg/1). Maximum shoot regeneration and number of shoots per culture could be recorded under 16 hr photoperiod of 4000 lux light intensity at a growth room temperature of 25±2c in both varieties of sugarcane.