Phytochemical Analysis and Effect of Extract of Noxious Weeds on Germination and. Growth of Mustard (Ckm-22)

Abstract

Mustard (Brassica campestris) is an oil crop and cultivated worldwide. It is the leading som:ce of unsaturated fatty acid in human food. Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the allelopathic effects of different concentration ( 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%,10%) of the aqueous extract of Solanum nigrum,Lathyrus aplzaca. Cassia tor a, Cyperus rotundus and Fumaria indica on the seed germination, plumule length, radicle length, shoot length and root length in variety (CKM-22) of Mustard(Brassico campestris).The allelopathic potentialities of leaf extracts of Lathyrus aphaca, Fumaria indica and Cypems rotundus decreased the seed germination, plumule length, radical length, shoot and root length of Mustard with increase of extracts concentration as compared to control. The preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of various extract (aqueous, methanol and chloroform) of weeds were analysed by vario11s biochemical tests which results in presence of 'phytochemicals such as tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, phenolics, terpenoids, and steroids. These phytochemicals are of great importance in traditional medicine as well as in pharmaceuticals industry in the production of various drugs fonnulations for treating various life- threatening diseases.