Effect of Different Organic Sources of Nutrients on Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Western U.p.

Abstract

A study was carried out at BEDF farm in SVPUAT campus, Meerut entitled “ ffect of different organic sources of nutrients on growth, yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) In western U.P.” During rabi 2017-18. The experimental field was uniform and leveled, sandy loam in texture, low in available nitrogen (187.9 kg ha-1) medium in available phosphorus (13.7 kg ha-1) and potassium (171.6 kg ha-1) with slightly alkaline in reaction (pH 7.82). The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design with four replications and 8 treatments. The treatments comprised of Control T1 (Control (no fertilizer or manure), T2 (RDF (150:60:40),T3 RDF+ 37.5 kg N through FYM (7.5 t ha-1), T4 RDF+37.5 kg N through vermicompost (2.5 t ha-1), T5 112.5 kg N +60 kg P:40 kg K+37.5 kg N through FYM, T6 112.5 kg N:60 kg P:40 kg K+37.5 kg N through Vermicompost, T7 (T5 + Bio fertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB), T8 (T6 +Bio fertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB). Among the treatments the maximum plant population (50), plant height (93.4cm), number of tillers (110.3), dry matter accumulation (257.1 g/m), grain yield (45.3 q/ha), straw yield (57.3 q/ha), biological yield (102.6 q/ha), harvest index (44.2 %), Spike length (10.9 cm), Number of spikelets/spike (15.3), Number of grains/spike (44.3), 1000-weight (43.4 g), Protein content (10.7%) was observed under the treatment T8 which was at par with T7 and significantly higher than the rest of the treatments. The minimum values viz. plant population (38.0), plant height (62.0), number of tillers (87.4), dry matter accumulation (186.3 g/m), grain yield (24.8 q/ha), straw yield (33.4 q/ha), biological yield (58.2 q/ha), harvest index (42.6 %), Spike length (7.8 cm), Number of spikelets/spike (9.6), Number of grains/spike (32.8), 1000-grain weight (36.4 g), Protein content (8.9%) was recorded under the treatment control during course of observation. Soil properties mainly OC and available soil nutrients (N, P and K) after harvest of wheat were significantly higher with the application of organic manures (FYM, vermicompost and biofertilizers). Significantly higher net returns were realized with treatment T8. Whereas, higher benefit cost ratio was calculated with treatmentT4. The study revealed that T8 [112.5 kg N: 60 kg P: 40 kg K + 37.5 kg N through Vermicompost + Bio fertilizer (Azotobacter + PSB)] produced significantly higher yield, net returns, nutrient uptake and available nutrient in soil after harvest was comparable superior to rest of the treatments.