Studies on Effect of Different Non-chemical Additives and Botanicals on Production of Oyster Mushroom

Abstract

Mushrooms are considered as a future vegetable owing to its medicinal and nutritional properties. Mushrooms are also considered as a potential substitute of muscle protein due to their high digestibility. Total mushroom production is 129782 metric tonnes in which share of Oyster mushroom is 21272 metric tonnes in India. The present investigations were carried out on studies on effect of different non chemical additives and botanicals on production of oyster mushroom. The colony color of P. sapidus was observed as shiny milky white and circular or irregular with uneven type margin, while P. flabellatus colony color was observed as white and circular with even margin. The fruiting bodies of P. sapidus are always single or rarely in cluster and in case of P. flabellatus produced in clusters rarely single. Among different cereal extract media, maximum radial growth of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus was found in barley extract media. In pulses extract media, maximum radial growth was observed in cow pea extract agar of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus. In botanicals extract media, maximum radial growth in P. sapidus and P. flabellatus was recorded in Lantana leaf extract @ 4.0%. While in case spawn bottles, maximum mycelial growth of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus was found in Lantana leaf powder @ 4.0%. In different grains maximum mycelial growth of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus was observed in barley grain + rice powder @ 2.0%. For sporophore production, in cereal additives in P. sapidus maximum yield (723.75 g/Kg of dry substrate with 72.37% B.E.) in case of P. flabellatus (866.25 g/Kg of dry substrate with 86.62% B.E.) was observed in wheat straw + rice flour @ 2.5%. In pulses additives maximum yield (875.00 g/Kg of dry substrate with 87.50% B.E.) of P. sapidus and in case P. flabellatus (983.50 g/Kg of dry substrate with 98.35% B.E.) was observed in wheat straw + pigeon pea flour @ 1.0%. In botanicals additives maximum yield (861.25 g/kg dry substrate with 86.12% B.E.) of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus maximum yield (878.25 g/kg dry substrate with 87.82% B.E.) was observed in wheat straw + lantana leaf powder @ 4.0%. In plant substrates maximum yield (710.50 g/kg dry substrate with 71.05% B.E.) of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus maximum yield (945.75 g/kg dry substrate with 94.57% B.E.) was observed in wheat straw + pigeon pea straw @ (1:1). In grain spawn maximum yield (637.50 g/ kg dry substrate) of P. sapidus and P. flabellatus maximum yield (654.25 g/ kg dry substrate) which was observed in oat grain spawn @ 2%. Regarding different straw (cereals and pulses straw) were used for sporophore production on nutritional analysis of Pleurotus spp. In cereals straw highest protein content (24.25% & 26.27%) and maximum fat (1.97 & 1.47%) was observed in maize straw in both species (P. sapidus and P. flabellatus). In pulses straw maximum moisture (92.25 & 92.75%) and maximum ash content (9.32 & 10.25%) was observed in cow pea straw in both species (P. sapidus and P. flabellatus). The highest protein content (24.62 & 25.75%) in pigeon pea straw and maximum fat (1.65 & 1.72%) was observed in pea leaf straw in both species (P. sapidus and P. flabellatus).