Rapd Based Genetic Diversity Analysis of Brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.) Germplasm

Abstract

The present study entitled “RAPD based diversity analysis of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) germplasm” 30 genotypes of brinjal were evaluated for genetic diversity and yield related traits with randomized block design (RBD) with three replications during Kharif 2017. Ten quantitative traits were considered to obtain information on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, degree of association among different yield contributing traits with yield and related traits and the degree of genetic divergence and molecular analysis at morphological level. Observations were recorded on various characters viz. days of 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, plant spread, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit index and yield per plant. Analysis of variance revealed substantial amount of variability among the genotypes for all the characters, under study, indicated wide spectrum of variability among the genotypes. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for fruit index (33.30, 34.40), moderate PCV and GCV was recorded for yield per plant (29.47, 29.88), average fruit weight (28.84, 28.94), fruit diameter (27.16, 27.89), fruits per plant (25.92, 26.59). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for average fruit weight (99.36, 59.23), yield per plant (97.27, 59.87), plant spread (95.94,30.35), fruits per plant (95.01,52.04). Moderate heritability was recorded for fruit diameter (94.84,54.50), fruit length (94.68, 50.26), fruit index (93.74,66.43). Fruit yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with fruit index (0.762, 0.765) both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path coefficient analysis showed that fruit diameter (1.214) have direct positive effect on genotypic level and fruits per plant (0.910) have direct positive effect at phenotypic level. Mahalanobis (D2) static revealed considerable genetic diversity among the genotypes. Genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters. Cluster III have maximum 10 genotypes. In the present study, the maximum intra cluster distance was observed for cluster VI the maximum inter cluster distance was revealed between Cluster III & V. The least inter cluster distance was revealed in Cluster IV. At molecular level 10 RAPD primers produced 20 alleles. Average of PIC values for RAPD 0.299. Average resolving power is 0.437 for RAPD primer. Unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis on the marker-based GS grouped the cultivated varieties separately from whole accessions into different clusters. Genotypes BCB-464 and PB-67 showed great diversity from the other genotypes.